在健康受试者进行有氧运动后的低疼痛症:系统审查和元分析
Fabian Tomschi1, Alexander Schmidt1, Markus Soffner1
1Department of Sports Medicine, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
Journal of sports sciences
|May 10, 2024
概括
高强度有氧运动有效地减少了局部和远程的疼痛感知,这种现象被称为运动诱导的低痛症 (EIH). 适度强度也显示出好处,而持续时间和其他运动类型的影响较小.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 疼痛感知研究 疼痛感知研究
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 运动诱导的低痛症 (EIH) 描述了身体活动后疼痛敏感度的暂时下降.
- 了解EIH对于健康人群的疼痛管理和运动处方至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析单次有氧运动会对当地和远程EIH的影响.
- 检查运动持续时间,强度和模式如何影响EIH.
- 通过使用Cochrane偏差风险工具和GRADE方法来评估证据的确定性.
主要方法:
- 对13项涉及498名参与者的研究进行了系统审查和元分析.
- 对压力疼痛值 (PPT) 的分析,以量化EIH效应 (牛顿/厘米的平均差异2).
- 评估运动持续时间,强度 (低,中等,高) 和方式 (骑自行车,跑步,划船).
主要成果:
- 在本地 (MD = 3.1) 和远程 (MD = 1.8) 均观察到EIH.
- 高强度运动产生了最显著的EIH效应 (局部:MD = 7.5;远程:MD = 3.0).
- 中等强度的运动也显示出显著的EIH (局部:MD = 3.1;远程:MD = 3.0),而低强度的运动的影响是最小的. 运动持续时间没有显著影响EIH. 骑自行车是研究最多的模式,显示有效性.
结论:
- 单次有氧运动,特别是高强度的有氧运动,在健康人群中有效诱导局部和远程的低痛感.
- 目前的证据表明,骑自行车是引起EIH的可靠方式,尽管对其他方式的研究有限.
- 证据的整体质量是中等的,有几项研究显示出不清楚的偏见风险,表明需要进一步进行高质量的研究.
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