新的PHOTOPERIOD-1基因变异与欧洲面包小麦的产量相关和根角特征有关
Manar Makhoul1, Rica-Hanna Schlichtermann1, Samson Ugwuanyi1
1Department of Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
概括
小麦PHOTOPERIOD-1基因影响了开花,建筑和根部的发展. PpdA1-Hap1单种类型显著增加了谷物产量和谷核数量,有助于标记器辅助育种,以提高作物性能.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学和育种.
- 植物生理学作物生理学
- 分子进化的分子进化.
背景情况:
- 开花时间是小麦 (Triticum aestivum) 影响产量和适应性的关键特征.
- PHOTOPERIOD-1 (Ppd-1) 基因是谷物中开花时间的关键调节者.
- 了解Ppd-1基因多样性对于开发改进的小麦品种至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析欧洲冬季小麦中PHOTOPERIOD-1同源基因拷贝的序列多样性.
- 为了确定与农学特征相关的Ppd-1单元类型,特别是谷物产量.
- 为了研究在小麦育种过程中Ppd-1基因的进化动态.
主要方法:
- 牛津 Nanopore 基于 Ppd-1 基因的多重测序.
- 对欧洲194种冬季小麦品种的分析,涵盖了50年的育种.
- 使用分子标记物的关联分析,包括2NS/2AS转位.
- 开发用于标记辅助育种的PCR和KASP测定.
主要成果:
- PpdA1-Hap1单元型显示出与平均8%的谷物产量增加有一致的关联.
- 即使没有2NS/2AS转位,PpdA1-Hap1也赋予了4%的产量优势,增加了每个尖端的内核数量,以及每平方米的内核数量.
- Ppd-A1基因表现出显著的结构变异和SNP,表明了进化变化.
- 对光周期不敏感的Ppd-D1a等位基因与更早的方向和更深的根系有关.
结论:
- PHOTOPERIOD-1同源基因拷贝显著影响小麦的开花时间,植物结构和根部发育.
- PpdA1-Hap1单元型代表了提高谷物产量的宝贵遗传资源.
- 新的Ppd-1基因和变异为小麦育种历史和适应提供了洞察力.
- 已开发的分子标记物有助于在繁殖计划中选择有利的PPD-1单元型.
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