最近出狱后成年人自杀的比例
Ted R Miller1,2, Lauren M Weinstock3, Brian K Ahmedani4
1National Capital Region Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation (PIRE), Beltsville, Maryland.
JAMA network open
|May 10, 2024
概括
最近从监狱释放的个人面临着明显更高的自杀风险. 针对性社区自杀预防工作可以达到近20-27%的成年人死于自杀在释放后的1-2年内.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 从监狱释放出来的个体具有已知的自杀风险较高.
- 归因于这一群体的成人自杀总数的比例在很大程度上是未知的.
- 监狱释放代表了一个关键的过渡期,加剧了脆弱性.
研究的目的:
- 估计在监狱释放后1年和2年内发生的成年自杀的百分比.
- 确定因监狱释放而引发的社区自杀查和预防工作的潜在影响.
- 为了量化最近从监狱释放的个人中自杀风险的增加.
主要方法:
- 一项使用元分析和监狱人口普查数据的队列建模研究.
- 包括2019年从美国监狱释放的所有成年人.
- 自杀率,标准化死亡率和相对风险的计算,将释放后的时期与监禁期间进行比较.
主要成果:
- 大约19.9%的成人自杀发生在监狱释放1年内,27.2%发生在两年内.
- 自杀的相对风险在释放后显著增加 (一年内8.95,两年内6.98).
- 大多数自杀的成年人集中在最近从监狱释放的人群中.
结论:
- 最近出狱的成年人代表了一个很大的,高风险的自杀群体.
- 以监狱释放为时间的,以社区为中心的预防自杀的倡议可以影响大量处于危险的个人.
- 卫生系统应实施基础设施,以识别和支持社区中的这些个人.
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