CD8+ 针对由HLA-E呈现的瘤抗原的T细胞向
Ravi F Iyer1, Marieke C Verweij1, Sujit S Nair2
1Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
Science advances
|May 10, 2024
概括
使用细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 载体的癌症疫苗可以产生针对瘤抗原的MHC-E受限CD8+ T细胞. 这些T细胞可以识别并响应表达MHC-E的癌细胞,提供一种新的免疫治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 主性基因相容性复合体E (MHC-E) 在癌细胞上升调节,通过与NKG2A/CD94受体相互作用来帮助免疫逃避.
- 针对癌细胞上的MHC-E表达是一种潜在的策略,用于MHC-E受限制的T细胞介导的癌症控制.
研究的目的:
- 调查向MHC-E表达在癌细胞上的潜力,以控制MHC-E受限制的T细胞.
- 评估细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 载体癌症疫苗在诱导T细胞对瘤相关抗原 (TAA) 的反应方面的疗效.
主要方法:
- rhesus macaques (RM) 用经过工程设计的 rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) 载体进行免疫,以表达TAA (前列腺酸性酸酶,威尔姆斯瘤-1,Mesothelin) 并诱导MHC-E受限制的CD8+ T细胞.
- 分析了T细胞反应,包括频率,持续时间,表型,表位密度和MHC限制.
- 评估了受MHC-E限制的CD8+ T细胞对表达TAA和HLA-E的癌细胞的反应.
主要成果:
- 以CMV载体为载体的疫苗成功引起了T细胞对所有三种TAA的反应,与对病毒抗原的反应相似.
- 这些T细胞反应表现出高频率,持续时间,特定的表型,表位密度和MHC限制.
- 针对前列腺酸酶 (PAP) 生成的受MHC-E限制的CD8+ T细胞对表达PAP的HLA-E阳性前列腺癌细胞作出了有效的反应.
结论:
- 以CMV为载体的癌症疫苗可以通过诱导T细胞对非正规表观的作用来规避中央耐受性.
- HLA-E/NKG2A免疫检查点可以针对基于CD8+T细胞的癌症免疫疗法进行治疗.
- 这种方法有望通过利用MHC-E途径开发新的癌症治疗方法.
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