行为是先进的吗? 在家鼠中选择自愿轮子运行行为的相关反应
Ecological and evolutionary physiology
|May 10, 2024
概括
关联性特征进化在小鼠中表明,动机的变化,而不是性能,推动了轮子运行的增加. 无论是行为首先进化,还是形态学-表现-行为-健康模型都不能完全解释这些进化反应.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 定量遗传学 是一种定量遗传学.
背景情况:
- 在方向性选择下理解相关性特征进化是具有挑战性的.
- 诸如行为首先演变 (BEF) 和形态性能行为适应 (MPBF) 这样的模型提出了层次性特征进化,通常以行为为主.
- 在自然种群中测试这些模型是很困难的.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究与人为选择对行为产生相关的进化反应.
- 用长期小鼠选择实验来测试BEF和MPBF模型的预测.
- 为了确定性能或动机特征是否与增加的自愿轮子运行一起演变.
主要方法:
- 对高跑者 (HR) 鼠标选择实验的分析,其中四条复制线被选择用于轮子运行行为.
- HR线与四条未选中的控制线 (C) 的比较.
- 在选择高原 (20-24代) 的各种特征 (体重,表现,生命史) 的元分析,重点关注22代的数据.
主要成果:
- 人体质量在HR线上显著下降,与轮子运行中的选择反应相比.
- 性能特征 (例如,最大氧气消耗) 和生命史特征 (例如, litter size) 在HR和C线之间没有显著差异.
- 在性能指标中没有观察到任何显著差异,尽管自发轮子运行量大幅增加.
结论:
- 高跑者小鼠主要是通过动机的变化而不是增强的性能能力而进化.
- 无论是BEF还是MPBF模型都不能充分解释本实验中观察到的相关演变模式.
- 选择实验为层次性特征进化的复杂机制提供了宝贵的见解.
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