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多发性硬化症与衰老的认知功能障碍特征.

Lucía Vidorreta-Ballesteros1, Jordi A Matias-Guiu1, Alfonso Delgado-Álvarez1

  • 1Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain.

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概括

多发性硬化症 (MS) 的认知障碍主要影响所有年龄段的注意力和处理速度. 虽然处理速度缺陷随着年龄的增长而减少,但其他认知问题在老年MS患者中变得更加突出.

关键词:
阿尔茨海默病的疾病阿尔茨海默病的疾病.多发性硬化症是多发性硬化症.神经心理学 神经心理学帕金森氏症是帕金森氏病的一种疾病.老化的老化 衰老的老化认知障碍是一种认知障碍.

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科学领域:

  • 神经学 神经学
  • 神经心理学 神经心理学
  • 老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

  • 多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种慢性神经系统疾病.
  • 认知障碍是MS中常见且显著的并发症.
  • 了解MS中与年龄相关的认知变化对于患者护理至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 研究患有多发性硬化症的老年人认知障碍的特征.
  • 为了比较不同年龄组和神经疾病的认知概况.
  • 识别MS认知功能障碍的特定年龄模式.

主要方法:

  • 一项采用综合神经心理学方案的横截面研究.
  • 包括多个比较组:年轻的MS与健康的对照组 (HC),老的MS与HC,年轻的MS与老的MS,MS与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和MS与帕金森病 (PD).
  • 在MS中定义认知障碍的ICCoDiMS标准的应用.

主要成果:

  • 认知障碍在年轻的多发性硬化患者 (70.8%) 与老年多发性硬化患者 (52.2%) 相比更频繁.
  • 注意力和处理速度是最常见的受损领域,特别是在年轻的MS患者中.
  • 与年轻人相比,老年多发性硬化患者在情节性记忆和执行功能方面表现出更大的损伤,而处理速度缺陷则不那么明显.

结论:

  • 在MS的认知特征是注意力和处理速度在整个生命周期的缺陷.
  • 认知障碍模式随着年龄的增长而演变,处理速度缺陷下降,其他领域障碍在老年人中变得越来越重要.
  • 这些与年龄相关的差异表明了不同的病理生理机制,需要进一步研究.