在老化的大脑中,细胞衰老,DNA损伤和神经炎症
Wenyan Zhang1, Hong-Shuo Sun2, Xiaoying Wang3
1Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
Trends in neurosciences
|May 10, 2024
概括
衰老会引发慢性炎症,DNA损伤,以及大脑和免疫系统中的细胞衰老,导致神经炎症和认知能力下降. 针对这些过程可能会恢复大脑健康,并对抗与年龄相关的功能障碍.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 衰老与慢性低级炎症有关,增加了对与年龄有关的疾病的易感性,如记忆障碍和大脑体积损失.
- 了解免疫系统和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 与年龄相关的变化对于促进健康和寿命至关重要.
- 这些变化在正常大脑衰老中的精确相互作用和层次需要进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 综合证据,了解免疫系统和中枢神经系统中与年龄相关的DNA损伤和细胞衰老如何导致神经炎症和认知衰退.
- 探索驱动正常大脑衰老的机械性相互关系.
- 为了确定与年龄相关的大脑功能障碍的潜在治疗点.
主要方法:
- 文学综合和证据积累.
- 分析免疫和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 细胞的与年龄相关的变化.
- 审查将细胞衰老与神经炎症联系在一起的机制.
主要成果:
- 越来越多的证据表明,与年龄相关的DNA损伤和免疫细胞和中枢神经系统中的细胞衰老会导致神经炎症升级.
- 这些细胞变化与正常衰老过程中的渐进性认知衰退和大脑体积损失有关.
- 这项研究强调了免疫系统和中枢神经系统衰老对整体大脑健康下降的贡献.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的DNA损伤和细胞衰老是神经炎症和认知障碍的关键驱动因素.
- 针对细胞衰老和调节免疫系统,为治疗干预提供了一个有希望的策略.
- 恢复免疫平衡和抵消与年龄相关的大脑功能障碍是可以实现的目标.
相关概念视频
Aging
49
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
49
Mitochondria
12.3K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
12.3K
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
765
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
765
Neural Regulation
39.4K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
39.4K
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
467
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
467


