拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的孕产妇死亡率持续不平等,1990-2019年
Rocío Sáenz1, Gustavo Nigenda2, Ingrid Gómez-Duarte1
1Center for Research in Nursing and Health Care (CICES), University of Costa Rica, San Pedro Montes de Oca, San Jose, Costa Rica.
International journal for equity in health
|May 10, 2024
概括
由于进入障碍,拉丁美洲和加勒比地区未能达到产妇死亡率目标. 增加卫生支出和资源至关重要,但不足;为了实现可持续发展目标,需要新的护理方法和关注弱势群体.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 拉丁美洲和加勒比 (LAC) 地区没有实现千年发展目标 (MDGs) 减少孕产妇死亡率 (MMR).
- 对优质生殖,孕产妇和新生儿卫生服务的持续障碍阻碍了进步.
- 孕产妇死亡仍然是该地区10-54岁妇女的一个重大问题.
研究的目的:
- 分析1990-2019年在LAC的MMR的时间模式.
- 评估MMR和关键健康指标之间的关系,包括政府卫生支出 (GHE),GDP百分比的GHE,卫生人力资源 (HRH) 和有效的干预覆盖范围.
- 确定GHE,HRH和熟练分娩人员 (SBA) 的最佳门,以减少MMR.
主要方法:
- 利用了全球疾病负担项目 (1990-2019) 的数据.
- 进行了两步分析:对MMR趋势的描述性分析和与选定的健康和经济指标的相关性分析.
- 检查了人均MMR和GHE之间的关联,GHE/GDP百分比,HRH可用性和SBA覆盖范围.
主要成果:
- 在LAC地区观察到MMR的异质减少和GHE,GHE/GDP和HRH可用性的增加.
- 发现MMR和经济发展,人均GHE,GHE/GDP百分比,HRH可用性和SBA覆盖率之间存在显著的负相关性.
- 确定了低MMR的最佳条件:GHE/GDP接近3%,人均GHE约400美元,HRH每1000人中有6名卫生工作者可用,SBA>90%.
结论:
- 增加资源配置是必要的,但不足以实现与孕产妇死亡率相关的可持续发展目标 (SDGs).
- 卫生政策必须优先考虑纳入性别和权利视角的新护理模式.
- 加强针对弱势群体的干预措施对于进一步降低孕产妇死亡率至关重要.
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