机器学习在预测使用MRI用于直肠癌中新辅助化学放射治疗的病理完整反应:系统性审查和元分析
Jia He1, Shang-Xian Wang2, Peng Liu1
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410002, China.
The British journal of radiology
|May 11, 2024
概括
机器学习模型在预测直肠癌新辅助化疗和放射治疗的病理完整反应方面显示出显著的希望. 深度学习模型的准确性高于传统模型,为直肠癌治疗推进了精准医学.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 新辅助化学辐射疗法 (nCRT) 是局部晚期直肠癌的标准治疗方法.
- 预测病理完整反应 (pCR) 对于治疗优化至关重要.
- 磁共振成像 (MRI) 对瘤反应提供了宝贵的见解.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估机器学习 (ML) 模型在预测使用MRI的直肠癌患者的pCR到nCRT中的性能.
- 为了比较不同ML方法的有效性,包括深度学习和传统的统计模型.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Cochrane图书馆,Web of Science) 进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2024年3月.
- 使用QUADAS-2进行了方法质量评估.
- 使用随机效应模型计算聚合的灵敏度,特异性和曲线下的面积 (AUC).
- 使用I2值测量异质性,并进行子组分析.
主要成果:
- 分析包括了24项研究,涉及1699名患者.
- 整体聚合AUC为0.91,聚合灵敏度为0.83和聚合特异性为0.86.
- 与传统的统计模型 (0.89) 相比,深度学习模型显示了更高的聚合AUC (0.93).
- 亚组分析显示出基于成像技术和地理位置的差异.
结论:
- 机器学习模型显示,在直肠癌中预测pCR到nCRT的潜力很高.
- 深度学习模型比传统的ML模型显示出更高的预测性能.
- 将ML与临床数据相结合可能会促进个性化治疗策略,并在直肠癌护理中推进精准医学.
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