幼儿时期的身体活动和运动技能的发展:研究父母支持的作用
Maeghan E James1,2, Kelly P Arbour-Nicitopoulos1, Matthew Kwan2,3
1Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON,Canada.
Pediatric exercise science
|May 11, 2024
概括
父母对体力活动 (PA) 的支持与孩子的运动技能有关,但这种联系受到孩子自己的活动水平和技能的影响. 这些因素对于理解这种关系至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 父母的参与极大地影响了幼儿的发展.
- 了解促进儿童体力活动 (PA) 和运动技能发展的因素至关重要.
- 以前的研究强调了家庭环境在塑造儿童健康行为的重要性.
研究的目的:
- 调查父母体育活动 (PA) 支持与儿童运动技能发展和PA之间的关联.
- 探索孩子的PA和运动技能是否在幼儿时期缓和这些关系.
主要方法:
- 长度队列研究,589名儿童 (平均年龄4.93岁).
- 使用儿童运动评估电池评估运动技能-第二版.
- 通过加速度计测量中度至强烈的PA (MVPA),并通过5项尺度通过家长支持进行测量. 进行了适度分析.
主要成果:
- 家长的PA支持与儿童的运动技能有显著的关联 (P = .007).
- 儿童的MVPA调节了父母的支持与运动技能的关系 (P = .021).
- 运动技能显著缓解了父母支持和孩子的MVPA关系 (P = .022),尽管父母支持和孩子的MVPA之间的直接联系并不显著 (P = .051).
结论:
- 家长的PA支持与儿童的运动技能和PA有关,但这种联系的强度取决于背景.
- 儿童层面的因素,如运动技能和PA,起着重要的调节作用.
- 未来关于家长PA支持的研究应该纳入儿童的特定特征.
相关概念视频
01:23Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity
50
Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
50
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
27
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
27
01:27Parenting Styles
65
Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
65
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
53
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
53
01:30Information Processing Approach
33
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
33
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
83
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
83