那个孩子是一个子! 隐喻的发展从3岁到9岁的年龄
Isabel Martín-González1, Camilo R Ronderos2, Elena Castroviejo1
1Department of Linguistics and Basque Studies, Micaela Portilla research centre, University of the Basque Country - UPV/EHU (Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain).
儿童可以理解新的隐喻,挑战字面阶段假设. 六岁的孩子成功地理解隐喻,并专注于正确的目标,这表明了隐喻理解的早期发展轨迹.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 儿童对比喻的理解受到争论,有两个主要假设:字面阶段假设和早期鸟类假设.
- 最近的研究表明,对代名词理解的U形发育曲线,促使对隐喻理解轨迹的调查.
研究的目的:
- 测试儿童在西班牙语中理解新隐喻 ("X is a Y") 的能力.
- 为了确定隐喻理解的发展轨迹.
- 在隐喻理解中探索图片选择和凝视行为之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 用一个适合儿童的图片选择任务来评估隐喻理解.
- 用眼神追踪技术来监测儿童的视觉注意力.
- 在西班牙语的小说隐喻被介绍给参与者.
主要成果:
- 儿童在为新的隐喻选择图片方面表现出显著的成功.
- 六岁的孩子始终专注于隐喻的目标,即使在提出这个问题之后.
- 数据表明了隐喻理解的线性发展轨迹.
结论:
- 这些发现支持比喻理解的早期发展,而不是字面阶段假设的建议.
- 凝视行为提供了对隐喻理解背后的认知过程有价值的见解.
- 该研究强调了使用多个数据源来理解发展趋势的重要性.
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