概括
代际社会经济地位 (SES) 的传播是由家庭结构塑造的. 高SES个体在支持性亲属网络中经历了更多年,而低SES个体面临着单亲父母和孤儿的更大风险,扩大了不平等.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
背景情况:
- 代际社会经济地位 (SES) 的传递是一个记录良好的现象.
- 人口流程显著影响亲属结构,这些结构作为SES传输的管道.
- 有限的研究已经整合了这些趋势,以探索跨世代在不断变化的亲属结构中的人生经验.
研究的目的:
- 模拟年轻成年人在相应的亲属结构中所花费的时间.
- 分析人口因素如何塑造这些亲属结构及其对SES传播的影响.
- 研究随着时间的推移,亲属网络不平等的演变.
主要方法:
- 将人口统计技术应用于来自收入动态小组调查 (PSID) 的纵向数据.
- 分析了三代人的生育,婚姻和死亡率数据.
- 模拟建模以估计在年轻成年期在各种亲属结构中度过的时间.
主要成果:
- 高SES的年轻人在有利的亲属结构中度过了更多的年份,促进了支持和资本积累.
- 低SES的年轻人经历了更长的时间作为单身父母,在几代人之间入,或作为成年孤儿.
- 自20世纪80年代以来,亲属网络的不平等明显增加.
结论:
- 人口变化,包括滞后的死亡率改善和低SES家庭中单亲父母的增加,加剧了亲属网络的不平等.
- 这些不断变化的亲属结构对代际社会经济地位 (SES) 传播有重大影响.
- 有针对性的干预措施可能是必要的,以减轻亲属支持和资源日益增长的差异.
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