"我会把它们带到别的一天":一项定性研究探讨了城市贫困地区儿童疫苗接种的社会行为复杂性
Judy Gichuki1, Ben Ngoye1, Francis Wafula1
1Institute of Healthcare Management, Strathmore University Business School, Nairobi, Kenya.
PloS one
|May 13, 2024
概括
儿童疫苗接种受到照顾者的态度,社会规范和城市贫困环境中的实际障碍的影响. 环境特定的干预措施对于改善边缘化社区免疫率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 儿童接种疫苗仍然是全球关注的问题,每年有数百万儿童错过了必需的免疫接种.
- 城市贫困和边缘化人口面临疫苗接种的重大障碍,增加了他们患疫苗可预防疾病 (VPD) 的风险.
- 了解社会行为决定因素对于在人口密的城市贫民窟设计有效的儿童免疫策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索影响儿童接种疫苗的行为和社会因素,在肯尼亚内罗毕的城市非正式定居点.
- 通过基于理论的方法,开发对儿童疫苗接种的社会行为决定因素的理论解释.
主要方法:
- 一项定性研究采用了5次聚焦小组讨论 (FGD) 与内罗毕非正式定居点5岁以下儿童的39名照顾者.
- 计划行为理论指导了FGD问题开发.
- 使用代主题分析来确定新兴的主题.
主要成果:
- 影响疫苗接种决定的关键因素包括照顾者的态度 (感知到的好处,文化信仰,父母的爱),主观规范 (害怕社会判断) 和感知到的行为控制 (自我控制,性别影响).
- 诸如疫苗成本和医疗保健提供者的态度等实际障碍也对接种产生了重大影响.
- 从护理人员的讨论中,出现了四个主要的主题类别.
结论:
- 社会,行为,文化和环境因素对城市贫困地区的护理人员的疫苗接种决定有着复杂的影响.
- 需要来自社区的,特定于环境的干预措施来解决这些复杂的相互作用.
- 有针对性的战略对于改善边缘化人口的及时儿童疫苗接种至关重要.
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