在一个大型县安全网卫生系统中错过了预防艾滋病毒的机会
Melanie G Lopez1, Kristin S Alvarez1, Michael Harms1
1From the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (MGL); Parkland Health, Center of Innovation and Value, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (KSA, MH); Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (MS, ELK); College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Kentucky (EMA); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (HLK).
许多被诊断为艾滋病毒感染的人错过了暴露前预防 (PrEP) 和咨询的机会. 医疗保健提供者需要更好的培训来识别符合条件的患者,并讨论艾滋病毒预防策略,如PrEP.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防传染病 预防传染病
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究研究
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒暴露前预防 (PrEP) 是一种非常有效的预防艾滋病毒传播的方法.
- 在种族和族裔少数群体,妇女以及美国南部,PrEP的使用率仍然很低.
- 医疗保健提供者必须具备识别,咨询和处方PrEP的资格患者的设备.
研究的目的:
- 分析艾滋病毒预防干预的错失机会,包括PrEP和避孕套使用咨询,在新确诊的艾滋病毒患者中.
- 确定缺乏PrEP和性病史文档的患者群体和医疗保健机构.
主要方法:
- 在大型公共卫生系统中对被诊断患有艾滋病毒的个人的回顾性分析 (2015年1月 - 2021年6月).
- 检查HIV诊断前5年的卫生系统相互作用.
- 识别错过的PrEP和避孕套使用咨询机会.
主要成果:
- 在454名新诊断的艾滋病毒患者中,有166名 (36.6%) 患有PrEP的迹象 (例如,细菌性传染病,不一致的避孕套使用,注射药物使用).
- 只有7名 (1.5%) 患者接受了PrEP咨询;67.8%缺乏记录的性史.
- 紧急护理设置显示PrEP教育和避孕套使用咨询率较低.
结论:
- 在艾滋病毒诊断之前,错过了提供艾滋病毒预防的机会,包括PrEP.
- 性史记录不足是一个重大问题.
- 教育干预对于改善临床医生准备在识别和讨论PrEP好处至关重要.
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