疼痛:无声的公共卫生流行病
Joanna G Katzman1,2,3, Rollin Mac Gallagher4,5
1University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Journal of primary care & community health
|May 14, 2024
概括
数以百万计的人患有慢性疼痛,每年花费数十亿美元. 解决医疗保健不平等问题和改善疼痛教育对于有效的患者护理至关重要,特别是对于弱势群体.
科学领域:
- 疼痛医学 医学 疼痛医学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 慢性疼痛影响了超过5000万美国人,造成了重大的社会成本 (每年5650-635亿美元).
- 医疗保健提供者培训缺口和系统性不平等导致无效的疼痛管理和弱势群体在护理获取方面的差异.
- 历史创伤和污名化造成对医疗保健系统的不信任,阻止弱势群体 (土著人民,有色人种,状细胞病,纤维肌痛患者) 寻求治疗.
研究的目的:
- 突出慢性疼痛管理的复杂性和迫切需要改善医疗保健提供者教育.
- 解决卫生不平等和阻碍弱势群体获得有效疼痛护理的系统障碍.
- 强调疼痛教育,整合性治疗和患者护理治疗联盟的进步的重要性.
主要方法:
- 审查有关慢性疼痛流行,成本和管理挑战的现有文献.
- 分析与疼痛条件和治疗相关的护理障碍和耻辱感.
- 审查自1973年以来疼痛协会在推进疼痛和阿片类药物教育,研究和患者护理方面的努力的演变.
主要成果:
- 医疗保健提供者之间存在严重的培训缺陷,这有助于低于最佳的疼痛管理.
- 弱势群体面临着巨大的障碍和耻辱,导致延迟或不充分的护理.
- 全球疼痛社会通过加强疼痛教育和促进整合性,跨学科方法推动了进步.
结论:
- 有效的疼痛管理需要解决系统性不平等问题,并改善医疗保健专业人员的教育.
- 综合性和跨学科的疼痛治疗,以及强大的治疗联盟,被公认为最佳实践.
- 需要继续努力,以确保所有患者,特别是弱势群体中的患者,获得公平有效的疼痛管理.
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