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相关概念视频

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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在耳植入的幼儿中,用于语音和噪音处理的反相振荡发展.

Meiyun Wu1, Yuyang Wang2,3, Xue Zhao1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.

Child development
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概括

人类的大脑是人类的大脑.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
  • 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学

背景情况:

  • 人类大脑对言语和语言学习的能力在出生时就显而易见.
  • 这种准备的基础是精确的听觉发展仍然在很大程度上没有特征.
  • 接受耳植入物 (CI) 的语言前失聪儿童提供了一个独特的模型来研究早期的听觉发育.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究大脑功能在响应听觉输入时的纵向发展,在患有语言前耳聋的儿童中.
  • 阐明在耳植入后的听觉体验初始阶段发生的神经变化.
  • 探索早期听觉输入与语音感知途径的发展之间的关系.

主要方法:

  • 利用功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 纵向评估67名患有语言前聋的儿童的大脑活动.
  • 在耳植入后长达32个月的时间内监测大脑对听觉刺激的反应.
  • 分析了功能性大脑发育,包括区域和半球特定的变化.

主要成果:

  • 最初,在耳植入的儿童的大脑在CI激活时对声音没有反应.
  • 随着时间的推移,随着经验的增加 (长达32个月),观察到显著的功能性大脑发育.
  • 值得注意的是,左前叶表现出明显的振荡模式,区分语音和噪音刺激.

结论:

  • 这项研究提供了第一个纵向神经成像证据,证明了在患有语言前耳聋的儿童中早期的听力发育.
  • 这些发现表明,在耳植入后,大脑在响应听觉输入时经历了显著的,特定的功能成熟.
  • 在左前叶观察到的差异性反应表明,语言处理的神经基础正在发展.