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相关概念视频

Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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Cause and Effect01:53

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While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?
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In order to make good decisions, we use our knowledge and our reasoning. Often, this knowledge and reasoning is sound and solid. However, sometimes, we are swayed by biases or by others manipulating a situation. For example, let’s say you and three friends wanted to rent a house and had a combined target budget of $1,600. The realtor shows you only very run-down houses for $1,600 and then shows you a very nice house for $2,000. Might you ask each person to pay more in rent to get the...
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Hindsight Biases01:12

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Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
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人们在看似简单的案例中有系统地有不同的所有权直觉.

Xiuyuan Zhang1, Paul Bloom1,2, Julian Jara-Ettinger1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Yale University.

Psychological science
|May 14, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

人们在所有权转让问题上存在分歧,往往不知道存在不同的观点. 这些所有权直觉影响对象使用和控制的判断,这些判断源自基于意图或基于拥有的理论.

关键词:
直观的理论,直观的理论.开放数据是开放的数据.开放材料是一个开放的材料.所有权所有权所有权.预注册 预注册 预注册 预注册社会认知 (social cognition) 是一种社会认知.思想的思想理论的理论.

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科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 社会心理学 社会心理学
  • 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.

背景情况:

  • 了解所有权对于社会互动和资源分配至关重要.
  • 关于所有权转让的直觉决定了个人如何感知和与财产互动.
  • 现有研究强调了所有权判断的复杂性,但潜在的直观理论仍然未被充分探索.

研究的目的:

  • 在各种场景中调查普通人的关于所有权转让的直觉.
  • 检查对所有权直觉和共识高估的分歧的认识.
  • 确定所有权直觉和对对象操纵 (使用,改变,控制,破坏) 的判断之间的关系.

主要方法:

  • 利用参数变化的假设事件,从美国成年参与者中引起所有权转让直觉.
  • 进行了涉及对物体操纵所有权和可接受性的直接质疑的实验.
  • 采用主体层面的分析来识别不同的基础直观理论.

主要成果:

  • 在某些场景中发现了所有权直觉的显著分歧,这与共识的假设相矛盾.
  • 参与者高估了关于所有权的协议,没有意识到他们不同的直觉.
  • 所有权直觉显著预测了对使用,改变,控制和摧毁对象的判断,即使没有明确提到所有权.

结论:

  • 关于所有权直觉的分歧源于至少两个不同的理论:一个优先考虑意图,另一个优先考虑物理占有.
  • 这些直观理论对于理解财产权和社会行为的广泛含义.
  • 需要进一步的研究来探索这些所有权理论在不同背景下的发展和应用.