人们在看似简单的案例中有系统地有不同的所有权直觉
Xiuyuan Zhang1, Paul Bloom1,2, Julian Jara-Ettinger1
1Department of Psychology, Yale University.
Psychological science
|May 14, 2024
概括
人们在所有权转让问题上存在分歧,往往不知道存在不同的观点. 这些所有权直觉影响对象使用和控制的判断,这些判断源自基于意图或基于拥有的理论.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 了解所有权对于社会互动和资源分配至关重要.
- 关于所有权转让的直觉决定了个人如何感知和与财产互动.
- 现有研究强调了所有权判断的复杂性,但潜在的直观理论仍然未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 在各种场景中调查普通人的关于所有权转让的直觉.
- 检查对所有权直觉和共识高估的分歧的认识.
- 确定所有权直觉和对对象操纵 (使用,改变,控制,破坏) 的判断之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用参数变化的假设事件,从美国成年参与者中引起所有权转让直觉.
- 进行了涉及对物体操纵所有权和可接受性的直接质疑的实验.
- 采用主体层面的分析来识别不同的基础直观理论.
主要成果:
- 在某些场景中发现了所有权直觉的显著分歧,这与共识的假设相矛盾.
- 参与者高估了关于所有权的协议,没有意识到他们不同的直觉.
- 所有权直觉显著预测了对使用,改变,控制和摧毁对象的判断,即使没有明确提到所有权.
结论:
- 关于所有权直觉的分歧源于至少两个不同的理论:一个优先考虑意图,另一个优先考虑物理占有.
- 这些直观理论对于理解财产权和社会行为的广泛含义.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索这些所有权理论在不同背景下的发展和应用.
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