超快的龙伯德响应在自由飞行,回声定位蝙蝠
Michael Bjerre Pedersen1, Martin Egenhardt1, Kristian Beedholm1
1Section for Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
Current biology : CB
|May 14, 2024
概括
蝙蝠很快地调整它们的声调以响亮的噪音,表现出超快的龙巴德响应. 这种固定的反射使它们能够在杂的环境中有效地导航和狩猎.
科学领域:
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
- 神经伦理学 神经伦理学
背景情况:
- 声学线索对于动物的生存至关重要,但波动的噪音水平带来了挑战.
- 呼声定位蝙蝠面临极端的听觉动态,在黑暗中以自我产生的噪音导航和狩猎.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究暴露于噪音的自由飞行蝙蝠的声动力调整 (龙巴德反应).
- 为了确定蝙蝠中龙巴德反应的发病,偏移和大小.
主要方法:
- 研究了更大的老鼠耳朵蝙蝠执行着陆任务,并掩盖噪音.
- 测量了发声和分析了龙巴德语响应特征 (延迟,复发,大小).
主要成果:
- 蝙蝠表现出带宽依赖的龙巴德响应 (0.1-0.2dB/dB的噪声增加).
- 响应和恢复时间很快 (20毫秒) 响应噪声的开始和停止.
- 语音并没有锁定无噪音时间.
结论:
- 自由飞行的蝙蝠对增加的噪音表现出快速,有线的声音运动反应.
- 这种反射很可能是由音频电机反电路介导的,独立于其他生理周期.
- 能够使蝙蝠适应动态的听觉环境,以获取食物和导航.
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