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相关概念视频

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

283
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
283
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

119
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
119
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

338
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
338
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

422
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
422
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
504
Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

287
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
287

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芬太尼Iontophoretic 通过皮肤系统

Dennis J Cada1, Terri L Levien2, Danial E Baker3

  • 1The Formulary.

Hospital pharmacy
|May 15, 2024
PubMed
概括

单式专著服务为药学和治疗委员会提供每月的药物专著,包括新药评价和药物利用评估. 该服务有助于明智的药物管理和配方决策.

科学领域:

  • 制药科学 制药科学
  • 临床药房 临床药房
  • 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究

背景情况:

  • 药品和治疗 (P&T) 委员会需要及时和全面的药物信息.
  • 新药批准和晚期临床试验需要持续评估药物使用情况.
  • 有效的药物利用评估 (DUE) 和药物使用评估 (MUE) 对患者安全和成本效益至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 描述表单式专著服务的特点和内容.
  • 突出服务对参与配方管理和药物使用的医疗保健专业人员的实用性.
  • 告知潜在订阅者提供信息的范围,包括药物专著,摘要专著和DUE/MUE.

主要方法:

  • 该服务每月提供5-6篇关于新药或晚期试验药物的详细专著.
  • 为药房和护理服务提供一页的摘要专著.
  • 每月包括综合药物利用评估/药物使用评估 (DUE/MUE) 研究.
  • 每月的药物类别审查也是该服务的一个特点.

主要成果:

  • 订阅者可以通过印刷和在线访问专著.
  • 专著可以根据具体的设施需求进行定制.
  • 2016年1月的主题包括idarucizumab,patiomer,凝血因子VIII/抗血友因子 (重组),cariprazine以及trifluridine和tipiracil.

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  • 提供了一份以伊达鲁齐祖马布为重点的安全MUE.

    • 结论:

    • "表单单独写服务"为P&T委员会和医疗保健专业人员提供了有价值的,持续的资源.
    • 该服务支持基于证据的配方管理和安全药物实践.
    • 订阅提供了详细的药物信息,使用评估和药物类别评论.