使用电子健康记录数据和自然语言处理将患有风湿症的个人归类为财务不安全:算法推导和验证
Mia T Chandler1,2, Tianrun Cai2,3, Leah Santacroce3
1Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
ACR open rheumatology
|May 15, 2024
概括
自然语言处理 (NLP) 可以使用电子健康记录 (EHR) 检测类风湿病患者的财务不安全. 这种方法的准确性很高,可以更好地识别需要支持的患者.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
- 类风湿病学 类风湿病学
背景情况:
- 财务不安全是健康影响患者结果的重要社会决定因素.
- 在临床环境中识别财务不安全性是具有挑战性的,因为其复杂且往往是电子健康记录 (EHR) 中的非结构化文档.
- 综合护理管理计划 (iCMP) 服务于各种患者群体,包括那些患有类风湿病的人,他们可能会遇到财务挑战.
研究的目的:
- 评估使用自然语言处理 (NLP) 检测iCMP内的风湿病患者的财务不安全性的可行性.
- 开发和验证NLP模型,以从非结构化EHR数据中识别财务不安全.
主要方法:
- 在iCMP中,对来自大量风湿病患者的EHR笔记采用了监督的基于规则的NLP方法.
- 创建了一个针对金融不安全的定制词典,并在手动分类的笔记上训练和验证NLP模型 (逻辑回归,LASSO,随机森林).
- 叙述信息线性提取 (NILE) 用于NLP处理,与参考标准进行性能比较.
主要成果:
- 分析了来自538名患者的245,000多份EHR笔记.
- 在27%的培训队伍和37%的验证队伍中发现了财务不安全.
- 拉索和随机森林模型表现出高性能,达到0.90的积极预测值和0.98.98的特异性.
结论:
- 基于规则的NLP与上下文驱动的词汇是一个可行的和准确的方法来识别EHRs的财务不安全.
- 开发的NLP方法增强了捕捉财务不安全感,有助于患者的支持.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化算法灵敏度,并建立用于检测金融不安全性的构造有效性.
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