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体质指数与心理健康之间的剂量依赖关系以及随时间的变化
Shanquan Chen1, Hao Zhang2, Min Gao3,4
1International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
JAMA psychiatry
|May 15, 2024
概括
身体质量低,体重超重或肥胖的青少年有更多的心理健康问题. 随着时间的推移,身体质量指数 (BMI) 与青少年心理健康问题之间的U形关联得到了加强.
科学领域:
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 全球有3.4亿青少年患有超重和肥胖,这对心理健康造成严重风险.
- 关于身体质量指数 (BMI) 与青少年心理健康之间的关联的现有研究缺乏全面的,长期的,跨国评估.
- 了解这种关系对于解决青少年日益增长的心理健康挑战至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计身体质量指数 (BMI) 与青少年心理健康之间的关联.
- 检查该协会如何从2002年到2018年随着时间的推移而变化.
主要方法:
- 一个重复的,多国,横截面的研究,使用了来自学校龄儿童健康行为 (HBSC) 调查 (2002-2018) 的数据.
- 分析包括来自欧洲和北美的100多万名11-15岁的青少年.
- 用8项心理关注量表来评估心理健康;BMI被计算并根据年龄和性别进行调整,并使用多级通用添加模型进行数据拟合.
主要成果:
- 在BMI和心理健康之间发现了一致的U形关联,与体重低,超重或肥胖的青少年相比,与体重健康的青少年相比,精神病症状增加.
- 体重不足的青少年报告的症状较少. 这种关联在性别和年级层面上是一致的,并且随着时间的推移而显著加强.
- 从2002年到2018年,心理问题显著增加,女孩和老年学生 (中高中) 报告了更高的关注程度.
结论:
- 青少年的BMI和心理健康之间存在U形关系,随着时间的推移和不同的人口统计数据越来越明显.
- 这些发现凸显了针对青少年身体形象和心理健康的有针对性的干预措施的必要性.
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以探索驱动这些关联的潜在机制.
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