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相关概念视频

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

709
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
709
RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends02:35

RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends

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Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends, or RACE, is one of the most effective methods to obtain a full-length cDNA from an mRNA sequence between a known internal region to the unknown sequence at the 5’ or 3’ end. The unknown region is cloned in the cDNA by a gene-specific primer that binds the known end, and a hybrid primer that attaches a predefined anchor sequence to the unknown end of the cDNA. The sequence in between is amplified by PCR with an anchor primer and a gene-specific...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.0K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

574
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
574

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Generating De Novo Antigen-specific Human T Cell Receptors by Retroviral Transduction of Centric Hemichain
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RACER-m利用结构特征进行稀疏T细胞特异性预测.

Ailun Wang1,2, Xingcheng Lin3,4, Kevin Ng Chau1,2

  • 1Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.

Science advances
|May 15, 2024
PubMed
概括

由于大量的序列多样性,预测T细胞受体 (TCR) 特异性具有挑战性. 我们的结构模型,RACER-m,准确地预测了TCR-抗原相互作用,训练数据较少.

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 计算生物学 计算生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学

背景情况:

  • 预测T细胞受体 (TCR) 对抗原的特异性是复杂的,这是由于广泛的序列多样性和有限的训练数据.
  • 现有的模型很难准确地预测MHC - 基限制的TCR - 相互作用,尽管包含结构信息.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一个粗粒度结构模型 (RACER-m) 来预测TCR抗原识别.
  • 利用TCR-抗原晶体结构的生物物理信息来提高预测准确性和减少数据要求.

主要方法:

  • 开发了RACER-m,一种粗粒度结构模型,采用TCR-抗原晶体结构的生物物理见解.
  • 利用公开可用的结构数据进行模型培训和验证.

主要成果:

  • 结构数据的明确包含大大减少了所需的培训示例的数量.
  • 该模型证明了在各种情况下对TCR识别特异性和灵敏性的可靠预测.
  • RACER-m成功地确定了影响结合亲和力的点突变,优于基于序列的方法.

结论:

  • RACER-m提供了一种可靠的方法来预测TCR-抗原相互作用,克服了基于序列的方法的局限性.
  • 该模型依赖于结构信息,使其广泛适用于各种TCR-对.
  • 这种方法可以帮助理解TCR的特异性和设计免疫疗法.