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在泥人,Periophthalmus modestus中,从水生生物到两生物的本体遗传过渡
Shoichi Inaba1, Masatomo Tagawa2, Yuzuru Utsunomiya3
1Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
概括
泥者在发育过程中从水中过渡到陆地,形态变化最小. 它们在陆地上出现并不是实验室环境中生存或生长的必要条件.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 两动物生态 两动物生态
背景情况:
- 脊椎动物在古生物学时代从水向陆的过渡是一个关键的进化事件.
- 古生物学研究提供了一些见解,但早期陆地脊椎动物的软体特征和行为在很大程度上是未知的.
- 现存的两泥船提供了一个模型来研究从水到陆的过渡.
研究的目的:
- 在实验室条件下,研究泥跳Periophthalmus modestus在实验室条件下从水到陆的本体遗传过渡.
- 分析泥者发育和出现期间的形态,行为和生理变化.
- 评估陆地出现对于泥者生存和生长的必要性.
主要方法:
- 幼虫在受控的实验室条件下养.
- 行为观测追踪了从水生环境到陆生环境的过渡.
- 在不同发育阶段进行了形态和激素分析 (T3和T4).
- 进行了强迫水下监禁实验,以评估生存和生长的影响.
主要成果:
- 滑泥鸟在化后的30天左右逐渐转向着陆的偏好,发展了陆地运动和养行为.
- 头部形态显示了陆地生命的变化,伴随着三甲状腺素 (T3) 和甲状腺素 (T4) 水平的急剧增加.
- 强迫水生养并没有显著影响生存率或粗形态,并且稍微刺激了生长.
结论:
- 与两动物相比,泥者在本体发生过程中表现出不那么明显的形态过渡到陆地.
- 在研究的实验室条件下,陆地出现并不是泥者生存或生长的必备条件.
- 进一步研究滑泥者行为和环境驱动因素,可以揭示脊椎动物从水到陆地过渡的早期步骤.
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