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相关概念视频

2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2

4.2K
Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
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Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions03:26

Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions

54.7K
An acid-base reaction is one in which a hydrogen ion, H+, is transferred from one chemical species to another. Such reactions are of central importance to numerous natural and technological processes, ranging from the chemical transformations within cells or lakes and oceans to the industrial-scale production of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, and other substances essential to the society.
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1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview01:26

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview

3.3K
Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by...
3.3K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

3.8K
Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
3.8K
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene01:20

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

5.9K
The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.
5.9K
Weak Acid Solutions04:02

Weak Acid Solutions

37.9K
Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O
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Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O

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在酸性pH下持续的细菌N2O降低.

Guang He1,2, Gao Chen2,3, Yongchao Xie2,4

  • 1Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.

Nature communications
|May 15, 2024
PubMed
概括

微生物的氧化 (N2O) 减少发生在酸性土壤中. 一种共同培养在pH值为4.5时显示了N2O的消耗,这是由物种间的营养交换驱动的.

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科学领域:

  • 环境微生物学环境微生物学
  • 生物地质化学生物地质化学
  • 土壤科学 土壤科学

背景情况:

  • 氧化 (N2O) 是一个强大的温室气体,增加了农业的排放.
  • 微生物N2O减少到N2是一个关键的去除途径,但在酸性环境中通常被认为是可以忽略不计的.
  • 酸性土壤含有nosZ基因,这表明N2O减少的可能性.

研究的目的:

  • 在酸性条件下研究微生物N2O减少.
  • 从酸性热带森林土壤中特征化一种微生物共同培养,能够减少N2O.
  • 阐明在酸性环境中使N2O消耗成为可能的机制和相互作用.

主要方法:

  • 从酸性热带森林土壤中分离和培养微生物共同种植.
  • 在低pH下N2O还原活性的生理特征.
  • 综合的奥米克 (基因组学,转录组学,蛋白质组学) 和代谢分析.
  • 酸盐发酵和变性N2O还原试验.

主要成果:

  • 一种共同种植,包括Serratia sp. 和Desulfosporosinus sp.,在pH值4.5.5时有效降低了N2O.
  • 共同种植表现出双模生长,其中包括Serratia sp. 发酵的酸盐和Desulfosporosinus sp. 这种植物. 进行性N2O减少.
  • 确定了物种间的相互作用,其中包括Serratia sp. 为Desulfosporosinus sp.提供必需的氨基酸.
  • 与生长相关的N2O减少在4.5至6的pH范围内观察到.

结论:

  • 在酸性土壤中,微生物N2O的减少是可行的,并且是显著的.
  • 同文化动态和物种间的营养交换对于酸性环境中N2O消费至关重要.
  • 这些发现凸显了以前低估的微生物N2O在酸性生态系统中的缓解潜力.