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促进和阻碍HPV疫苗接种:格鲁吉亚农村地区的定性研究
Courtney N Petagna1, Stephen Perez2, Erica Hsu2
1Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. cnpetagna@gmail.com.
BMC cancer
|May 15, 2024
概括
在格鲁吉亚,人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种率很低. 改善患者教育,提供者建议和免疫提醒可以提高农村社区的HPV疫苗接种率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 卫生沟通健康沟通
背景情况:
- 人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种对于预防与HPV相关的癌症和生殖器至关重要.
- 格鲁吉亚的HPV疫苗接种率 (2021年为58.5%) 远远低于2030年健康人口目标 (80%).
- 了解障碍物和促进因素对于提高农村地区HPV疫苗接种率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估与格鲁吉亚西南部HPV疫苗接种有关的态度,疫苗实践,促进者和障碍.
- 确定影响HPV疫苗接种的患者,提供者和实践层面因素.
- 为提高HPV疫苗接种覆盖率提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 对美国的年轻人,家长和医疗保健提供者/公共卫生专业人员进行了40次半结构化访谈 (2020年5月-2022年2月).
- 采用P3 (患者,提供者,实践层) 模型来指导数据收集和分析.
- 使用了两个编码器和MAXQDA软件进行主题分析的演编码方法.
主要成果:
- 关键的促进者包括现有的患者知识,社区外展,提供者推策略,教育材料和免疫提醒.
- 识别了诸如缺乏知识,供应商沟通不足,提醒有限,交通问题,文化因素和政策差距 (例如,学校任务) 等障碍.
- 他们强调了农村社区的社会生态挑战,包括交通和有限的疫苗接种讨论.
结论:
- 教育,知识,免疫提醒和提供者沟通对于增加格鲁吉亚农村HPV疫苗接种至关重要.
- 结果可以指导多层次干预 (患者,提供者,实践,政策) 以提高HPV疫苗接种率.
- 解决社会生态因素对于公平的HPV疫苗接种和接种至关重要.
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