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在COVID-19期间,美国老年人中孤独感的增加行为参与者
Heather L Menne1, Jason Osborne2, Claire Pendergrast3
1Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States.
Frontiers in public health
|May 16, 2024
概括
在营养计划中的老年人在COVID-19期间经历了各种孤独影响. 在家送餐的参与者保持稳定,而聚餐的参与者,特别是独自居住的农村地区的年轻老年人,报告孤独感增加.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
背景情况:
- 孤独是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题,不成比例地影响着老年人.
- 由于COVID-19的流行以及相关的社交距离措施,这可能加剧了这一群体的孤独感.
- 社会生态模型为了解和解决老年人群的社会支持需求提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19大流行之前和期间,检查参与老年美国人法案 (OAA) 营养计划的老年人孤独感的变化.
- 在OAA营养计划中确定特定的老年人小组,这些小组更容易受到孤独感的增加.
- 为旨在加强老年人的社会支持和参与的干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了2019年和2021年国家老年美国人法案参与者调查 (NSOAAP) 的两波横截面数据.
- 在家庭送餐和聚餐参与者之间比较孤独程度.
- 分析了流行病期间与孤独变化相关的人口和地理因素.
主要成果:
- 在家送餐的参与者报告了更高的基线孤独感,但在疫情期间没有显著增加.
- 在大流行的第一年,聚餐参与者的孤独程度增加了.
- 在聚餐参与者中,孤独感的增加在65-74岁的人群中尤为明显,这些人生活在郊区/农村地区,或者独自生活.
结论:
- 研究结果突出了OAA营养计划中大流行对孤独的差异性影响.
- 聚餐计划可能需要有针对性的社会参与策略,以减轻与流行病相关的孤独感.
- OAA计划应优先考虑对弱势老年人群的社会支持举措,特别是那些独自生活或生活在非城市环境中的老年人群.
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