通过遵守"联合国反腐败公约" (UNCAC) 在制药行业的良好治理立法
Anna Wong1, Katrina Perehudoff2, Jillian Clare Kohler1
1Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Global public health
|May 16, 2024
概括
制药行业的腐败阻碍了医药的获取. 分析联合国反腐败公约 (UNCAC) 表明,充分采用可以降低风险,但透明度是良好的治理的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 反腐败研究 反腐败研究
背景情况:
- 制药行业的腐败转移资金,加剧了健康不平等,并限制了患者获得基本药物的机会.
- 联合国反腐败公约 (UNCAC) 为全球打击腐败提供了一个框架.
- 了解制药行业的UNCAC合规性对于改善治理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析七个国家对联合国反腐败公约 (UNCAC) 在制药决策方面的遵守情况.
- 检查UNCAC的全面采用如何减轻产品批准,配方选择,采购和发行方面的腐败风险.
- 确定制药供应链中可能容易受到腐败的影响的漏洞.
主要方法:
- 分析了七个选定的国家的国内反腐败法律和政策.
- 评估国家对制药行业相关的UNCAC条款的实施情况.
- 通过关键的药物决策点对合规性的评估.
主要成果:
- 各个国家高度遵守了关于采购和公共部门腐败犯罪的UNCAC条款.
- 几个国家缺乏对私营部门和举报人/证人保护的处罚.
- 由于这些差距,药品发行成为潜在的脆弱决策点.
结论:
- 充分实施"联合国药品监督委员会"是减少制药行业腐败的关键一步.
- 仅仅通过立法是不够的;为了可持续的良好治理,需要更加广泛地致力于透明度和制度完整性.
- 解决私营部门的脆弱性和加强举报人保护对于制药部门的长期完整性至关重要.
更多相关视频
11:38High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents HPHC
Published on: May 10, 2016
12.2K
07:00Failure of Cleaning Verification in Pharmaceutical Industry Due to Uncleanliness of Stainless Steel Surface
Published on: August 11, 2017
8.2K
相关概念视频
Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
157
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
157
Drug Regulation
1.4K
Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
1.4K
Pharmacovigilance
826
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
826
Accountability and Responsibility of a Nurse II
685
Professional accountability in nursing is a multifaceted concept that encompasses professional ethics, legal standards, and employment expectations. This framework ensures that nurses maintain and elevate the quality of care while upholding the values of their profession. It compels them to treat patients, families, and colleagues with respect, compassion, and integrity.
For example, a nurse demonstrating respect and compassion might listen attentively to a patient's concerns, provide...
For example, a nurse demonstrating respect and compassion might listen attentively to a patient's concerns, provide...
685
International Nursing Organizations II
1.0K
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
1.0K
Drug Nomenclature
1.7K
During the development of a new pharmaceutical, the manufacturer initially assigns a code name to the drug. Once approved, the drug receives a United States Adopted Name (USAN)—a generic, nonproprietary designation. Upon being listed in the United States Pharmacopeia, this nonproprietary name becomes the drug's official name. Additionally, the manufacturer assigns a proprietary name or trademark, which serves as the brand name under which the drug is marketed. It is worth noting that...
1.7K
