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一个范围审查,以评估职业控制及其在工作场所处理工程纳米材料时的有效性

Sriram Prasath¹, Kavitha Palaniappan², Sally Chan³

¹University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.

Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene

|May 16, 2024

概括

控制工人接触工程纳米材料 (ENM) 对工作场所安全至关重要. 这一审查证实,包括工程措施和工作实践在内的各种控制措施有效地减少了ENM暴露的员工风险.

科学领域:

职业健康和安全问题职业健康和安全问题
纳米材料风险评估
工业卫生工业卫生

背景情况:

工人暴露于工程纳米材料 (ENM) 具有潜在的健康风险.
有效的控制策略对于在职业环境中减轻这些风险至关重要.
关于不同ENM控制方法有效性的证据需要系统评估.

研究的目的:

识别和审查现有证据,以确定工作场所控制措施的有效性,以减少工人接触ENM.
综合关于各种ENM控制策略的各种研究的发现.
为雇主提供有关选择适当控制的指导.

主要方法:

在多个数据库 (Medline,Ovid,Scopus,Science Direct,Web of Science,Cochrane) 和灰色文学中进行了全面的文献搜索.
包括2010年1月至2022年12月间发表的研究.
采用系统审查过程,分析了152项检索中选出的22项研究.

主要成果:

发现替代控制在减少ENM暴露方面是有效的.
工程措施,包括隔离,直接来源提取和湿技术,显示出显著的有效性.
个人防护设备和行政/工作实践控制也有助于减少工人接触ENM.

结论:

一系列控制措施,包括替代,工程,个人防护设备和工作实践,可以有效地减少职业ENM暴露.
这些证据支持雇主实施工作场所安全协议的知情决策.
进一步的研究可能会完善对特定ENM应用的最佳控制层次的理解.

关键词:

效率效率是指效率是指效率.工程制造的纳米材料 (ENM)职业暴露职业暴露职业暴露风险管理风险管理工作场所的控制.

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