肯尼亚医院重症肺炎再入院儿童的特征
Diana Marangu-Boore1, Paul Mwaniki2, Lynda Isaaka2
1Paediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya. dmarangu@uonbi.ac.ke.
BMC public health
|May 16, 2024
概括
在儿童中重症肺炎的再入院很常见 (11%) 并与营养不良和年龄等因素有关. 被重新接纳的儿童死亡率相似,但接受不同的治疗,突出了护理差距.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 公共卫生研究 公共卫生研究
- 临床流行病学临床流行病学
背景情况:
- 全球范围内,肺炎是儿童死亡的主要原因.
- 由于严重的肺炎而重返医院的病例可能表明未达到最佳的护理或未解决的健康问题.
研究的目的:
- 确定肯尼亚儿童重症肺炎再入院的患病率.
- 确定与再入院和住院患者死亡率相关的风险因素.
- 描述严重肺炎的临床管理实践.
主要方法:
- 对2个月至14岁的患有严重肺炎住院的儿童进行回顾性队列研究 (2013-2021年).
- 数据来自肯尼亚20家主要转诊医院.
- 分析包括患病率估计,再接收和死亡率的风险因素建模.
主要成果:
- 在20603名儿童中,有11.0%患有重症肺炎.
- 再接收的风险因素包括年龄较小,营养不良,喘息和神经系统疾病.
- 重新入院的儿童接受了更多的胸部X射线,二线抗生素,结核病药物,沙布塔摩尔和普雷迪尼索隆.
- 住院患者的死亡率为第一次入院的12.8%,再入院的11.8%.
- 死亡风险因素包括营养不良,贫血和男性性别;完全接种疫苗具有保护性.
结论:
- 重症肺炎再入院的儿童代表了严重的疾病负担.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以优化高风险儿童的查,管理和跟进.
- 针对有风险因素的儿童进行有针对性的干预对于减少再入院和死亡率至关重要.
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