能够做自己:从智力障碍自闭症成年人的角度了解自主和自主支持
Jackie Ryan1, Heather M Brown1, Anne Borden2
1University of Alberta, Canada.
概括
具有智力障碍的自闭症年轻人可以通过支持来增加自主权. 关键因素包括选择,控制,个性化沟通和安全的环境,使自我表达和独立成为可能.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 关于残疾人的研究.
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 患有智力障碍的自闭症年轻人经常经历自主权的减少.
- 适当的支持系统对于提高这一群体的自主性至关重要.
- 社区合作的研究对于相关性和影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索和定义增强自闭症年轻人智障自主性的支持需求.
- 从自闭症个体的角度来看,确定促进自主性的关键因素.
- 为家庭,支持人员和护理人员提供有效的自主支持策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 这是一项与5个自闭症社区合作伙伴共同设计的定性研究.
- 与八名自闭症的智力障碍的年轻人进行了深入的讨论,包括口头和非语言沟通.
- 利用小组的艺术项目和游戏,多个会议的格式来促进沟通.
主要成果:
- 参与者将自主性定义为"做自己"的能力.
- 三个主要的支持领域出现了: (1) 确保选择和控制, (2) 促进个性化沟通方法, (3) 建立安全的环境.
- 参与者强调了自我表达和个人代理的重要性.
结论:
- 自闭症的智力障碍年轻人渴望并可以实现更大的自主权.
- 选择,控制,量身定制的沟通和安全是支持自治的基本要素.
- 这项研究为增强智障自闭症个体的独立性和自决提供了可行的见解.
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
83
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
83
01:29Intellectual Disability
49
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
49
01:17Ryan and Deci's Self-Determination Theory
11.8K
Self-Determination Theory (SDT), formulated by Richard Ryan and Edward Deci, explains that human motivation is driven by three fundamental psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. When these needs are met, individuals experience personal growth, intrinsic motivation, and overall well-being.
Autonomy is the need to feel in control of one's actions and decisions. For example, a student who chooses their research topic is likely to be more engaged and motivated than one who...
Autonomy is the need to feel in control of one's actions and decisions. For example, a student who chooses their research topic is likely to be more engaged and motivated than one who...
11.8K
01:26Modeling in Therapy
71
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
71
03:34Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood
43.4K
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.
43.4K
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
49.9K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
49.9K