跨诊断性饮食障碍样本中的自杀想法和尝试:诊断严重程度标准是否预测风险?
Kendall Schmidt1, Elizabeth Fitzgerald2, Pamela Keel2
1University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
概括
饮食障碍与增加自杀风险有关. 特定的ED严重程度标准不能预测自杀念头或企图,这表明对所有饮食障碍的普遍查至关重要.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 饮食障碍 (ED) 与自杀率的增加有关.
- 关键的ED严重性指标,如低体重指数 (BMI) 和清洗/暴饮暴食的频率,将全值ED与其他特定的食和饮食障碍 (OSFED) 区分开来.
- 在跨诊断的背景下,这些特定的ED严重性特征与自杀念头 (SI) 和尝试之间的关系仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查ED严重程度的特征,包括BMI,清洗方法和暴饮暴食模式,是否与跨诊断样本中的自杀念头和尝试有关.
- 为了比较OSFED和全门ED之间的SI和自杀企图 (SA).
- 确定用于区分OSFED和全门ED的ED标准是否预测SI或SA.
主要方法:
- 评估了257名患有ED的女性和45名对照者的跨诊断性社区样本.
- 使用了DSM-5的EDs检查面试和结构化临床面试.
- 诊断状态,特定的ED特征,SI和SA史都被检查.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,OSFED的自杀念头和自杀企图增加,但在OSFED和全门ED之间没有显著差异.
- 更高的BMI是增加SI的预测因素.
- 清洗方法的数量,而不是频率,与SA史有关.
- 暴饮暴食事件的频率和大小并不能显著预测SI或SA.
结论:
- OSFED与高SI和SA相关联.
- 区分OSFED和全值ED的ED严重性标准不会预测SI或SA.
- 在临床实践中,建议在所有ED诊断中普遍实施自杀风险评估.
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