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多发性硬化症的认知障碍:从现象学到神经生物学机制
1Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Alberichgasse 5/13, Vienna, A-1150, Austria. kurt.jellinger@univie.ac.at.
概括
多发性硬化症 (MS) 的认知障碍是常见的和残疾的,影响生活质量. 研究将其与大脑网络功能障碍和特定的病理生理过程联系起来,指导新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种中枢神经系统的自身免疫性疾病,导致炎症,脱髓化和神经退行.
- 认知障碍 (CI) 是MS的常见和致残的症状,影响患者的生活质量,患病率因MS表型而异.
- 在MS中,CI通常与神经精神症状同时发生,但通常与运动缺陷分离,这表明有不同的病理生理基础.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前的流行病学,临床,神经成像和病原遗传证据,用于MS认知障碍.
- 探索成员国CI背后的潜在机制.
- 为早期识别和MS中CI的新疗法策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,谷歌学者和Cochrane图书馆的系统文献综述.
- 分析多式联络神经成像数据,包括结构和功能网络变化.
- 检查病理生理过程,如氧化应激,线粒体功能障碍和自身免疫反应.
主要成果:
- 多模式神经成像揭示了与MS相关的CI中的结构性改变和网络功能障碍 (前额头,乳头和海马,默认模式,认知相关网络).
- 涉及到网络间连接的中断和玛-氨基黄油酸 (GABA) 系统的参与.
- 异常的病理生理过程有助于MS认知障碍.
结论:
- 在MS的认知障碍与广泛的脑乱和复杂的致病机制有关.
- 了解这些机制对于开发有针对性的疗法至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分阐明病变发生和优化MS中CI的管理.
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