卡斯巴酶激活DNase的临时卡斯巴酶介导激活会导致对细胞巨分化所需的DNA损伤
Deepak Maurya1, Gayatri Rai1, Debleena Mandal1
1Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
Cell reports
|May 18, 2024
概括
这项研究表明,由酶激活DNase (CAD) 引起的受控DNA损伤对于巨细胞的分化和功能至关重要. 这个由胰岛素信号调节的过程确保了适当的先天免疫力和组织修复.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 巨细胞对于天生的免疫力和组织恒温是必不可少的.
- 大多数组织寄存型巨细胞源于胚胎前体,并在一生中自我更新.
- 控制各种巨细胞分化的精确机制在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明基底的分子机制多功能巨分化.
- 研究酶激活DNase (CAD) 在巨细胞发育中的作用.
- 探索胰岛素信号通路在调节巨细胞分化中的参与.
主要方法:
- 在Drosophila melanogaster中的体内遗传和细胞生物学分析.
- 研究Drosophila幼虫淋巴腺,一个造血器官.
- 分析胰岛素受体介导的PI3K/Akt信号通路及其对Ask1/JNK轴的调节.
主要成果:
- 发育调节的, CAD介导的DNA链断裂在祖细胞中的短暂激活对于巨细胞的分化至关重要.
- 胰岛素受体介导的PI3K/Akt信号控制子致命的酶激活,导致巨细胞发育期间的DNA链断裂.
- 酶活性对于胚胎起源的巨细胞和高效的细胞酶的发展也至关重要.
结论:
- 通过CAD调解的短暂DNA链断裂是巨细胞分化的一个关键机制.
- 被胰岛素信号调节的亚致死性酶激活在巨细胞发育中起着至关重要的作用.
- 这项研究提供了关于发育信号和DNA损伤在产生多功能和异质巨细胞的见解.
相关概念视频
Caspases
12.5K
Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside...
12.5K
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.3K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
6.3K
Apoptosis
11.4K
Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
11.4K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.5K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.5K
Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells
3.8K
Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes.
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
3.8K
Overview of DNA Repair
31.0K
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
Chemically...
31.0K


