城市墓地:被遗忘但强大的冷却岛屿
Britta Stumpe1, Niklas Stuhrmann1, Anna Jostmeier1
1Department of General Geography/Human-Environment Research, Institute of Geography, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
The Science of the total environment
|May 18, 2024
概括
墓地是最酷的城市绿地,因为成熟的树木提供了显著的冷却潜力,而不是更热的土地. 这突出了墓地.
科学领域:
- 城市气候学 城市气候学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地理信息系统 地理信息系统
背景情况:
- 城市公园被认为有助于缓解城市热岛 (UHI).
- 其他城市绿地 (UGS) 的冷却效应,如墓地和土地分配,仍然不太清楚.
- 评估各种UGS对于有效的城市规划和气候适应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较墓地和土地分配与传统公园区的冷却岛屿效应.
- 调查光谱指数和树木特征对不同UGS的土地表面温度 (LST) 的影响.
- 为了确定在德国城市中具有最高冷却潜力的UGS类型.
主要方法:
- 在德国五个主要城市夏季使用Landsat 8 TM图像进行陆地表面温度 (LST) 评估.
- 随机森林回归模型将LST与光谱指数 (NDVI,NDMI,NDBaI) 和树属性 (类型,年龄,大小,树冠密度) 相对应.
- 在公园,墓地和土地分配中对LST进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 由于显著的密封表面,分配区域呈现出最高的LST (23.126.9°C);NDVI是主要解释因素.
- 墓地显示最低的LST (20.424.7°C),归因于成熟的树木和高的透气率,尽管封闭区域.
- 公园显示异质的LST模式,冷却潜力受保护的老树和透气的影响,超过了树木覆盖地区的公园.
结论:
- 墓地是非常有效的冷却岛屿,其受保护的地位培养了成熟的树木,对透气至关重要.
- 由于密封表面的比例较高,分配效率较低,尽管植被密度 (NDVI) 影响其温度.
- 结果强调了墓地作为UGS对UHI缓解的重要性,并突出了树木特征在冷却过程中的作用.
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