注意力,预测和空间认知在整个月经周期中波动:对女性体育运动的潜在影响
F Ronca1, J M Blodgett2, G Bruinvels1
1Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London, UK.
Neuropsychologia
|May 18, 2024
概括
女运动员可能面临更高的受伤风险,原因是影响空间认知的荷尔蒙变化. 这项研究发现,在月经周期期间,认知表现波动,在月经期间的功能更好,在黄体阶段的功能更差.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
背景情况:
- 月经期的女性运动员可能会增加与荷尔蒙波动相关的肌肉骨损伤风险.
- 对于体育表现至关重要的空间认知也可能在月经周期之间发生变化.
- 现有的伤害风险理论忽视了潜在的认知决定因素,主要关注生物力学.
研究的目的:
- 调查认知功能,特别是与运动相关的认知功能,是否在女性的月经周期期间波动.
- 探索月经周期阶段与新型运动型认知测试电池中的表现之间的关系.
- 检查女性运动员受伤风险的潜在认知决定因素.
主要方法:
- 一组248名参与者 (包括月经女性,使用避孕措施的女性和男性) 完成了在线认知测试电池测量反应时间,注意力,视觉空间功能和时间预测.
- 参与者完成了电池两次,间隔14天,月经周期阶段通过自我报告来确定.
- 用因子分析和混合效应模型来分析跨周期阶段的认知表现 (错误,反应时间,个体内可变性).
主要成果:
- 在男性和女性 (有或没有避孕) 之间,没有发现反应时间或准确度的显著群体差异.
- 个体内分析显示,与其他阶段相比,月经女性在月经期间表现明显更好 (反应时间更快,错误更少,变化更低).
- 在质期观察到表现较差,包括反应时间较慢和时间预测受损,在排卵期观察到更多的错误.
结论:
- 视觉空间和预测性认知过程在女性的月经周期中明显波动,在月经期间达到峰值,并在期下降.
- 在月经期间对情绪和认知症状的主观报告与客观表现不一致,表明潜在的断开.
- 这些发现支持了女性运动员受伤风险决定因素的认知理论,表明特定阶段的认知表现变化可以告知伤害缓解策略.
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