糖替代品对儿童和青少年永久牙的牙预防:系统性审查和元分析
Bella Weijia Luo1, Nicky Linlin Liang1, Janice A Townsend2
1Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Journal of dentistry
|May 18, 2024
概括
常见的糖替代品西利托和比托在预防儿童和青少年牙方面表现出有效性. 需要对高强度甜味剂进行进一步的研究,以预防虫.
科学领域:
- 牙科公共卫生 牙科公共卫生
- 预防性牙科 预防性牙科
- 甜味剂研究 甜味剂研究
背景情况:
- 牙损仍然是儿童和青少年的重大公共卫生问题.
- 糖替代品越来越多地被探索为糖的替代品,用于预防.
- 了解不同糖替代品的有效性对于牙健康建议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查关于糖替代品消费对永久牙 кариес预防的影响的证据.
- 评估高强度和低强度甜味剂在儿科和青少年群体中的疗效.
- 确定有关特定类型的糖替代品及其化效应的研究缺口.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Web of Science和Embase数据库中进行系统搜索.
- 包括6-19岁参与者的随机受控试验 (RCT) 和受控临床试验 (CCT).
- 对15项包括研究 (11项RCT,4项CCT) 的数据进行了元分析,共有6325名参与者.
主要成果:
- 与安慰剂相比,xylitol和sorbitol都是低强度的甜味剂 (糖醇),在预防牙损伤方面表现出显著的效果.
- 克西利托尔显示标准化平均差异 (SMD) 为-0.50 (95% CI: -0.85至-0.16,P = 0.005).
- 索尔比托尔在SMD值为-0.10 (95%CI: -0.19至-0.01,P = 0.03) 的情况下显示出显著的影响.
- 没有确定任何临床试验,研究高强度甜味剂,如阿斯巴达姆或糖,用于预防虫.
结论:
- 摄入xylitol或sorbitol可能有助于预防儿童和青少年永久牙的牙损伤.
- 缺乏临床证据,证明高强度糖替代品在预防虫方面的有效性.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索各种糖替代品在儿科牙健康中的作用.
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