原始的COVID-19原始化方案影响了双价BA.1和BA.5增强剂的免疫性
Luca M Zaeck1, Ngoc H Tan2, Wim J R Rietdijk2
1Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Nature communications
|May 18, 2024
概括
双等效的COVID-19疫苗提高了免疫力,但对Omicron XBB.1.5.5的交叉中和性很差. 启动方案影响了免疫反应,突出了对变异特异性疫苗的需求.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 减少抗体反应和SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种降低了COVID-19疫苗的有效性.
- 针对祖先和Omicron菌株 (BA.1,BA.5) 的双对应mRNA疫苗作为对策被开发出来.
- 像XBB.1.5,JN.1和EG.5.1这样的新Omicron亚系的出现需要持续评估疫苗的疗效.
研究的目的:
- 分析基于不同原始化方案的双价COVID-19助推疫苗的免疫性.
- 评估原始化对中和抗体和T细胞对循环SARS-CoV-2变种的反应的影响.
- 在不同疫苗接种策略的背景下评估突破性感染率.
主要方法:
- 从SWITCH-ON研究 (NCT05471440) 的数据进行了后期分析.
- 评估中和抗体和T细胞响应在双价mRNA增强疫苗接种后 (BA.1或BA.5).
- 在不同的COVID-19原始化策略中比较免疫反应 (Ad26.COV2.S与基于mRNA的).
主要成果:
- 同类的BA.1和BA.5疫苗增强了中和抗体和T细胞长达3个月.
- 对Omicron XBB.1.5亚系的交叉中和是有限的.
- 接受Ad26.COV2.S培养的参与者表现出较低的结合抗体,但在双价增强后与mRNA培养的个体相比,中和和T细胞反应相似.
- 接受双价 BA.5 助推剂的 mRNA-primed 参与者表现出更广泛的中和.
结论:
- 目前的双价疫苗对新兴的Omicron亚系如XBB.1.5.5等提供有限的交叉保护.
- 初始启动疫苗方案的选择会影响免疫反应以后的双价增强.
- 数据支持世卫组织使用与风险群体中循环菌株相匹配的单价疫苗的建议.
- 对抗不断演变的SARS-CoV-2变种的免疫反应的持续监测对于未来的疫苗政策决策至关重要.
相关概念视频
Vaccinations
44.4K
Overview
44.4K
Immunological Memory
595
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
595
Cross-reactivity
31.0K
Overview
31.0K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
1.7K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
1.7K


