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阿拉比多普西斯 (Arabidopsis diacylglycerol acyltransferase1) 突变体需要脂肪酸脱,以使种子正常发育

Nicholas Neumann¹, Maxwell Harman¹, Andrea Kuhlman¹

¹Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 65506, USA.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology

|May 19, 2024

概括

甲基甘油酸转移酶1 (DGAT1) 对于种子油的合成至关重要. 没有DGAT1,脂肪酸脱酶2 (FAD2) 对于种子发育至关重要,但双重突变的dgat1 fad2会中止种子的形成.

科学领域:

植物生物学植物生物学
分子遗传学分子遗传学
生物化学生物化学

背景情况:

甲基甘油酸转移酶1 (DGAT1) 是阿拉比多种子中三甲基甘油 (TAG) 合成的主要酶.
突变的DGAT1突变呈现出减少的油含量和改变的脂肪酸概况,多重不和脂肪酸 (PUFA) 的增加.
脂肪酸脱酶2 (FAD2) 和FAD3在dgat1突变中被上调,这表明它们在脂肪酸代谢中起着补偿作用.

研究的目的:

为了研究DGAT1和FAD2/FAD3在Arabidopsis种子发育中的遗传相互作用.
阐明FAD2在TAG合成中的作用和在DGAT1缺席时的种子活力.
了解种子油生产中脂肪酸脱的补偿机制.

主要方法:

在dgat1突变基因和fad2-1或fad3-2突变基因之间进行了基因交叉.
来自dgat1 fad2和dgat1 fad3双突变种子的表型分析.
从突变系的种子中分析脂肪酸成分.

主要成果:

同胞性dgat1 fad2种子未能发育,在鱼雷阶段停止发育,这表明双重突变组合对种子生存能力至关重要.
大约25%的dgat1 fad2交叉中的种子表现出这种发育停止,与遗传分离相一致.
双同卵性dgat1 fad3突变是可行的,与dgat1突变相比,种子的脂肪酸概况发生了变化 (较高18:2),总脂肪酸含量较低.

结论:

在没有DGAT1的情况下,FAD2介导的脱是为提供PUFA基质的关键,用于脂:二甘酸转移酶 (PDAT) 合成TAG.
在dgat1 fad2双突变中无法通过DGAT1或PDAT合成TAG,导致种子发育中断.
与FAD2相比,当DGAT1是非功能性的时,FAD3在种子发育中起的作用不那么重要.

关键词:

阿拉比多普西斯塔利亚纳.阿拉比多普西斯 (Arabidopsis) 是一种植物.脱酸酶是一种脱酸酶.种子开发种子开发种子油种子油种子油三甲基甘油三甲基甘油三甲基甘油

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