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预防5至11岁儿童肥胖的干预措施
Francesca Spiga1, Annabel L Davies1, Eve Tomlinson1
1Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|May 19, 2024
概括
儿童肥胖预防干预措施,特别是基于学校的活动计划,显示了适度的短期益处,但对体重指数 (BMI) 没有长期影响. 仅仅通过饮食干预就会产生最小的影响. 对于不同的环境和人群,需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 儿童肥胖是一个全球性公共卫生问题,对健康和发育产生重大影响.
- 干预侧重于饮食,体育活动,久坐行为和睡眠的行为变化,以管理能量平衡.
- 之前的审查强调了不同肥胖预防策略的有效性方面的不确定性.
研究的目的:
- 评估旨在预防儿童肥胖的干预措施的有效性.
- 评估饮食,活动或联合干预措施对身体质量指数 (BMI) 和zBMI分数的影响.
- 检查与这些干预有关的严重不良事件.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析.
- 包括5至12岁的儿童,在12周的最低随访期测量结果.
- 搜索到2023年2月的Cochrane数据库,分析了172项研究 (189,707名参与者).
主要成果:
- 在随访期间,饮食干预对BMI或zBMI几乎没有影响.
- 活动干预表明,在中期随访时,BMI和zBMI略有降低.
- 综合饮食和活动干预措施显示,BMI和zBMI的短期和中期适度降低,没有显著的长期影响.
结论:
- 学校活动和联合饮食/活动干预措施为儿童肥胖预防提供了一种温和,短期的方法.
- 目前的证据不支持这些干预措施的长期疗效.
- 对家庭/社区干预,残疾儿童和健康公平指标需要进一步的研究.
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