同时进行有氧运动和视频游戏训练对老年人执行功能和大脑连接性的影响
Wenjun Gui1, Xiaoyu Cui2, Jingwen Miao2
1Department and Institute of Psychology (WG), Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; Center on Aging Psychology (WG, XC, JM, XZ, JL), Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology (WG, XC, JM, XZ, JL), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
概括
这项研究发现,将有氧运动与视频游戏训练相结合,在老年人中显著改善了执行功能 (EF). 与单个干预相比,综合方法对认知增强和身体功能有更大的益处.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EFs) 随着年龄的增长而下降,影响日常生活.
- 有氧运动和认知训练显示出缓解与年龄相关的认知衰退的潜力.
- 了解老年人认知增强的神经机制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查有氧运动和视频游戏训练对老年人的EF和大脑功能连接的影响.
- 为了比较联合干预 (CI) 与单独有氧运动 (AE),单独视频游戏 (VG) 训练和被动控制 (PC) 的有效性.
- 探索大脑功能连接的变化与EFs的改善之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及97名老年人 (≥55岁) 的准实验性研究,分为AE,VG,CI或PC组.
- 干预组在4个月内进行了32次会议.
- 通过神经心理测试评估EFs;用MoCA评估整体认知;用6MWT评估身体功能;检查前额-双肩网络 (FPN) 功能连接 (FC).
主要成果:
- 无论是VG和CI组都显示出EF的显著改善,CI显示出大效果大小 (0.83),VG显示出中等效果大小 (0.56).
- CI和VG组改善了整体认知功能 (MoCA),而AE和CI组改善了身体功能 (6MWT).
- 没有观察到FPN功能连接的组级变化,但增加的FC与更大的EFs改进相关.
结论:
- 初步证据表明,视频游戏训练和联合干预措施都能增强老年人的执行功能.
- 同时的联合干预似乎为执行职能增长提供了更大的潜力.
- 观察到的大脑连接性变化和EFs之间的相关性为训练诱导的认知改善的神经支柱提供了新的见解.
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