空气变化速率和在医院和住院中的SARS-CoV-2暴露:一个元分析
Yuetong Zhang1,2, Sripriya Nannu Shankar1,3, William B Vass1
1Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research
|May 20, 2024
概括
较高的通风速率,以每小时的空气变化 (ACH) 来衡量,与空气中较低的SARS-CoV-2度相关. 增加的ACH可能会降低室内环境中吸入病毒的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 在空中传输空中传输.
背景情况:
- 美国疾病预防控制中心和世卫组织建议增加通风和空气清洁,以减轻SARS-CoV-2吸入暴露.
- 了解通风速率与空气传播病毒水平之间的关系对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估通风和空气清洁速度对SARS-CoV-2暴露风险的影响.
- 分析空气中的SARS-CoV-2度和检测率,与每小时的空气变化 (ACH) 相比.
主要方法:
- 2020年4月至2022年9月期间发表的93项涉及医院和住院空气采样研究的元分析.
- 汇编了SARS-CoV-2度和检测率的数据,按位置类型 (医院/住所) 和接近患者 (初级/二级) 分类.
- 空气传播病毒指标和每小时的空气变化 (ACH) 之间的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 医院病房显示空气传播的SARS-CoV-2度低于住宅隔离室.
- 在主要占用地区的空气传播病毒度和ACH之间观察到负相关性.
- 与初级医院相比,二次占用医院区域的样本阳性率明显较低,但在住宅环境中相似.
- ACH和样本阳性率是负相关的,在8 ACH以上的影响会减弱.
结论:
- 较高的ACH与空气中SARS-CoV-2度的降低有关.
- 透气似乎是一个有效的策略,以降低吸入暴露风险在医院和住宅设置.
- 虽然存在局限性,但研究结果支持增加通风,作为防止空气传播病毒传播的关键措施.
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