自闭症谱系障碍中的睡眠和活动模式
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|May 20, 2024
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与睡眠障碍和改变身体活动模式有关. 睡眠和活动的变化强烈预测ASD状态,在自闭症患者中观察到更强的相关性.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 睡眠科学 睡眠科学
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种复杂的神经发育状况,具有很高的遗传性和显著的异质性.
- 在患有自闭症的人群中,睡眠障碍经常被报告,影响44-83%,并可能与ASD分享神经发育的基础.
- 了解睡眠,体力活动和自闭症之间的相互作用对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查定量睡眠和身体活动特征与自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 状态之间的关联.
- 确定可以预测ASD的特定行为测量措施.
- 为了检查与他们的亲属相比,ASD个体的睡眠和身体活动之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 招募了382名自闭症患者和223名家庭成员进行数据收集.
- 利用基于可穿戴设备的加速度计收集了三周的身体活动和睡眠数据.
- 应用机器学习 (弹性网) 和统计建模 (线性混合效应回归) 来分析超过6800天的数据.
主要成果:
- 在242个行为测量测量中确定了59个与ASD状态显著相关的测量,在单独的测试集中得到验证 (AUC:0.777).
- 发现身体活动的平均持续时间和日复一日的变化都与ASD有关.
- 在ASD患者中观察到身体活动和睡眠之间更强的相关性,表明减少活动更显著地影响了他们的睡眠.
结论:
- 平均睡眠/体力活动持续时间及其变化是ASD状态的强有力的预测指标.
- 身体活动措施与睡眠质量,特征和规律性相关,在ASD中相关性较高.
- 建议进行进一步的干预研究,以探索改善睡眠和体育活动是否可以改善ASD核心症状.
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