美国生殖年龄妇女心血管风险概况:行为风险因素监测系统,2015-2020年
Ellen Boakye1, Chigolum P Oyeka1, Yaa A Kwapong1
1Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
AJPM focus
|May 20, 2024
概括
美国在生育年龄的女性中,心血管风险因素正在增加,心血管健康状况不佳的情况也在增加. 有针对性的干预措施对于解决这一日益严重的公共卫生问题至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在生育年龄的女性中,低于最佳的心血管健康与不良妊娠结果和未来的心血管疾病有关.
- 了解心血管风险因素的趋势对于预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查生育年龄的美国女性心血管风险因素的趋势.
- 为了确定这一群体中低于最佳的心血管风险概况的相关性.
主要方法:
- 从2015-2020年行为风险因素监测系统中对335,959名非怀孕妇女 (18-44岁) 进行了连续的横截面分析.
- 根据"生活必不可少的8项指标"对8种心血管风险因素的评估.
- 多变量波桑回归分析低最佳心血管风险概况 (≥2个风险因素) 的社会人口统计相关值.
主要成果:
- 低最佳心血管风险概况的患病率从2015年的72.4%增加到2019年的75.9%,主要是由超重/肥胖驱动的.
- 在非西班牙裔白人和西班牙裔妇女中观察到显著增加,但在非西班牙裔黑人或亚洲妇女中没有.
- 年龄较大,农村居住,非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔种族/族裔与较高的低最佳心血管风险患病率有关.
结论:
- 美国生育年龄妇女中心血管风险概况低于最佳水平的温和但显著增加,需要采取紧急预防措施.
- 干预措施应优先考虑风险增加的子组,以改善整体心血管健康并减轻长期影响.
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