健康的自我报告的社会决定因素和区域级的社会脆弱性
Emily Brignone1, Keith LeJeune1,2, Amanda E Mihalko3
1Highmark Health Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
JAMA network open
|May 20, 2024
概括
卫生系统使用区域级数据来确定健康需求的社会决定因素 (SDoH),但个别评估显示脆弱地区的需求更高. 这凸显了个体SDoH数据对于有效干预的重要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
背景情况:
- 卫生系统越来越多地确定健康的社会决定因素 (SDoH) 需要指导干预.
- 由于缺乏自我报告的SDoH数据,经常使用面积层次的测量.
- 了解区域级脆弱性与个人需求之间的相关性对于资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述SDoH评估在卫生系统中的大规模部署.
- 通过使用社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 确定自我报告的SDoH需求与人口普查区级社会脆弱性之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 从2020年1月到2023年4月进行了一项横截面研究.
- 通过各种方式评估SDoH需求,包括电话外展,临床互动和数字工具.
- 分析了401,697个人的数据,将自我报告的需求与通道级SVI人口普查联系起来.
主要成果:
- 在14.3%的评估中确定了SDoH需求.
- 较高的社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 评分与已识别的SDoH需求的增加率有显著联系.
- 在调整后,SVI五分位数最高的个体与最低五分位数的个体相比,检测阳性的几率高出1.74至3.73倍.
结论:
- 自我报告的SDoH需求通常与区域级的社会脆弱性保持一致.
- SDoH域对社区特征的敏感性各不相同.
- 个人级别的SDoH数据对于精确的服务规划和医疗服务研究至关重要,即使是在高度脆弱的地区.
更多相关视频
05:03Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research
Published on: December 15, 2023
3.9K
11:31Rapid Fractionation and Isolation of Whole Blood Components in Samples Obtained from a Community-based Setting
Published on: November 30, 2015
16.0K
相关概念视频
Dimensions of Health and Illness
7.3K
The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
7.3K
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
246
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
246
Factors Affecting Illness
4.2K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
4.2K
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
318
A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
318
Surveys
14.7K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.7K
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
83
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
83
