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相关概念视频

Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Gaze in Action: Head-mounted Eye Tracking of Children's Dynamic Visual Attention During Naturalistic Behavior
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婴儿时期的认知控制:使用基于平板电脑的测量方法的注意力预测指标.

Emma Macrae1, Bosiljka Milosavljevic1,2, Laura Katus3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies
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概括

婴儿早期的认知控制发展得非常独特. 8个月和18个月的婴儿注意力脱节预测了以后的认知控制,突出了注意力.

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科学领域:

  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
  • 婴儿发育 婴儿发育

背景情况:

  • 认知控制对于更高层次的执行功能至关重要,并预测后期生活的结果.
  • 了解早期的认知控制发展对于确定发展轨迹至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 评估基于平板电脑的评估,以测量18个月和24个月的婴儿认知控制.
  • 在早期发育中检查注意力脱节,一般认知技能和认知控制之间的关联.

主要方法:

  • 60名婴儿 (30名女性) 在18个月和24个月完成了基于平板电脑的认知控制任务.
  • 用眼睛追踪从5到24个月测量了注意力脱节.
  • 从5到24个月,使用早期学习的穆伦尺度 (MSEL) 评估了一般认知技能.

主要成果:

  • 认知控制任务显示出良好的内部一致性和对年龄相关变化的敏感性.
  • 在认知控制和MSEL分数之间没有发现显著的并发或纵向关联.
  • 8个月的注意力放松速度较慢,18个月的注意力放松速度较快,预测了24个月的更高的认知控制.

结论:

  • 基于平板电脑的任务是评估婴儿新兴认知控制的有希望的工具.
  • 婴儿的认知控制发展受到不同发育阶段出现的不同注意力技能的影响.
  • 注意力和认知控制之间的关系是多方面的,年龄特定的注意力机制发挥作用.