在连续的永久土环境中,浅层地下水资源的主导地位和增长
Joshua C Koch1, Craig T Connolly2, Carson Baughman1
1U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK 99508.
概括
北极地下水主要来自近期降水,停留时间短,使地表水对气候变化敏感. 永久土融化可能会增加浅层含水层的连接,为淡水生态系统提供一些弹性.
科学领域:
- 水文学的水文学
- 永久土科学 永久土科学
- 北极地区环境科学 北极地区环境科学
背景情况:
- 拥有永久土的北极流域面临着由于结和不透性而导致的水资源限制.
- 地下水是寒冷地区地表水的重要来源,养泉水和aufeis (冰田).
- 关于地下水的来源存在不确定性 (超高地塔利克斯与深层含水层) 以及它对北极变暖的水资源供应的影响.
研究的目的:
- 分析阿拉斯加连续永久土区的各种水体的水化学和居住时间.
- 为了确定地表水的初级来源和地下年龄.
- 评估北极淡水资源对气候变化和永久土融化的敏感性.
主要方法:
- 在春天,溪流和河流水中分析水化学和年龄标志物.
- 利用遥感数据追踪奥菲斯的范围超过37年.
- 与前一年的夏季温度相关联的 aufeis 程度.
主要成果:
- 地表水主要来源于最近的降水.
- 地下居住时间很短,平均不到50年.
- 奥菲斯的范围显示了与夏季温度相关的趋势,表明对年度气候变化的敏感性.
结论:
- 连续永久土地区的地表水受到短流道和浅层水层的影响,使其易受年度气候变化的影响.
- 尽管与深层含水层的联系有限,但持续的变暖和永久土融化可能会增加浅层地下含水层和塔利克斯.
- 这些变化可能会为北极淡水生态系统提供一些弹性,尽管气候引起的挑战.
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