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全球脏健康优先事项 - - 来自ISN-GKHA的观点
Ikechi G Okpechi1,2, Valerie A Luyckx3,4,5, Somkanya Tungsanga1,6
1Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
概括
慢性病 (CKD) 是一个不断增长的全球流行病,尤其影响着低资源国家. 国际脏学会全球脏健康地图揭示了高收入和低收入国家之间脏护理和资源的显著差异.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 加强卫生系统 加强卫生系统
背景情况:
- 病是全球健康面临的重大挑战,预计到2040年,慢性病 (CKD) 将成为第五大死亡原因.
- 资源较低的国家面临脏疾病的影响不成比例地更高.
- 国际脏学会全球脏健康地图 (ISN-GKHA) 为全球脏护理提供了关键的见解.
研究的目的:
- 通过世界卫生组织的卫生系统构建块来评估全球脏护理服务.
- 确定高收入和低收入国家之间脏护理资源和获取机会的差异.
- 为政策制定和战略伙伴关系提供信息,以应对全球病负担.
主要方法:
- 分析ISN-GKHA报告,评估卫生系统的组成部分:融资,服务提供,劳动力,必需药物,健康信息系统和领导/治理.
- 在高收入和低收入国家之间对脏护理基础设施和获取机会进行比较评估.
- 审查现有政策,并确定脏护理提供方面的差距.
主要成果:
- 高收入国家展示了置换疗法 (KRT) 的优越基础设施,更高的KRT接入率,更多的公共资金分配给KRT,更大的医疗保健劳动力,更强大的健康信息系统,以及政府对CKD和KRT的更强的认可,作为与低收入国家相比的卫生优先事项.
- 在全球范围内发现了基本护理交付机制的重大缺陷,特别是在资源较低的环境中.
- 在劳动力规模,资金和获得治疗病管理必需药物的差异显而易见.
结论:
- ISN-GKHA的研究结果是制定有针对性的政策和促进合作以打击全球病负担的关键模板.
- 需要公平和资源敏感的战略来改善脏护理的提供和获得,并为不同的经济环境制定具体的优先事项.
- 低收入国家应该优先增加对脏护理的公共资金,降低KRT成本,扩大医疗保健劳动力,而高收入国家应该专注于扩大获得和维持当前的护理标准. 纳入患者的观点对所有国家来说至关重要.
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