生态免疫学:性吸引力和免疫力是否通过脱酶进行权衡?
Ke Gao1,2, Wout van der Heide1,3, Daphne Muijderman1
1Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Insect science
|May 21, 2024
概括
性吸引力可能会降低免疫力,如蝶所示. 具有吸引力的更容易受到寄生虫的影响,但阻断关键酶并没有改变这一点,这表明链接的基因,而不是酶本身,会影响免疫力.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 昆虫化学生态学 昆虫化学生态学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 免疫能力障碍假设 (ICHH) 表明性吸引力和免疫力可能会因资源限制而发生权衡.
- 在无脊椎动物中,通过荷尔蒙/分子途径的性信号成分和免疫之间的直接联系在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究性信号变化与Chloridea virescens中的寄生虫易感性之间的关系.
- 测试假设,氨酸生产中的关键酶delta-11-desaturase在性信号和免疫中起着双重作用.
主要方法:
- 采用了两条Chloridea virescens的线条选择性繁殖,以获得不同的性别激素比率 (有吸引力的低比率与不有吸引力的高比率).
- 感染了两条线与一个apicomplexan寄生虫,以评估差异性的敏感性.
- 采用CRISPR/cas9基因编辑来淘汰吸引力线中的delta-11-desaturase.
- 分析了delta-11-desaturase和邻近基因的基因位置,包括粘素,并比较了线条之间的序列变化.
主要成果:
- 具有吸引力的线 (低费洛蒙比率) 与没有吸引力的线 (高比率) 相比,对寄生虫感染的易感性明显更高.
- 淘汰delta-11-脱酶改变了费洛蒙的表型,使其与不吸引人的线匹配,但没有降低感染易感性.
- 在线之间发现了遗传变异,特别是非同义SNP和相邻的粘素基因的内基差异.
结论:
- 这项研究挑战了delta-11-desaturase在调解这种物种性吸引力和免疫能力之间的权衡方面的直接作用.
- 遗传上车,其中与delta-11-desaturase相关的粘素基因变异影响寄生虫易感性,被提出为观察到的权衡的潜在解释.
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