小猫头的幼年生存率随着雪地覆盖而下降
Marco Perrig1,2, Steffen Oppel1, Matthias Tschumi1
1Swiss Ornithological Institute Sempach Switzerland.
Ecology and evolution
|May 21, 2024
概括
极端天气事件显著影响幼小猫头的生存. 受气候变化的影响,冬季的雪地和夏季的食物供应是影响第一年生存率和人口生存率的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 野生动物生物学 野生动物生物学
背景情况:
- 全球环境变化,包括温度升高和极端天气,影响野生动物种群.
- 极端天气事件可以减少食物资源和跨季节的生存率.
- 了解季节性生存率对于评估极端事件对野生动物死亡率的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析与极端天气事件相关的幼小猫头 (Athene noctua) 的生存概率.
- 评估极端天气事件如何影响人口统计过程和年幼猫头的死亡率.
- 为了确定季节性极端对第一年小猫头生存的缓和作用.
主要方法:
- 无线电追踪了307只幼小的猫头,从鸟到它们的第一次繁殖尝试.
- 在两周时间内分析生存概率.
- 评估极端天气事件的影响,包括雪地覆盖的持续时间和补充食物.
主要成果:
- 在夏季飞行后的几周里,生存概率最低,但冬季极端情况缓和.
- 冬季的雪地覆盖对生存有负面影响,而补充食物增加了夏季的生存率和第一年的生存率.
- 根据冬季的严重程度,年生存率有很大差异,补充食物的鸟类的生存率更高.
- 一个特定季节的极端天气事件减少了第一年幸存者的比例,影响了人口的生存能力.
结论:
- 极端天气事件,特别是冬季的雪地和夏季的食物供应,显著影响幼小猫头的生存.
- 极端天气事件的频率增加可能会改变粮食供应,影响季节性和年度生存率.
- 保护战略可能需要考虑减轻极端天气对脆弱野生动物群体粮食资源的影响.
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